01 - In a medium saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat or use pan drippings after roasting meat.
02 - Whisk in the flour to form a smooth roux. Cook, stirring constantly, for 2-3 minutes until lightly golden and fragrant.
03 - Gradually pour in the stock, whisking continuously to prevent lumps.
04 - Bring to a gentle simmer and cook, whisking often, until thickened to your desired consistency, about 10 minutes.
05 - Season with salt, pepper, and optional herbs. Taste and adjust seasoning as needed.
06 - Strain through a fine-mesh sieve for an ultra-smooth gravy, if desired. Serve hot.